全球语 沟通全世界
Chapter 11 How much is “enough”? - 第十一章 多少算“足够”?
Globish is “enough” English. That is why a person can learn it more quickly than full English. There are many structures, rules, and ways of using English which make it difficult. Globish has limits so that it is easier to learn and start speaking. A person can know exactly what to learn. This is also very helpful in communication between people of varying English abilities. They can all know what to say and write. |
全球语是“足够的”英语。这就是为什么一个人学习全球语可以比学习全部英语要更快。英语中许多的结构、规则、和使用方法使其变的很难。全球语因其有局限性所以更容易学习并开口说话。一个人可以确切地知道要学习什么。这对于英语水平不同的人互相之间进行交流也非常有帮助。他们都能够知道要说什么以及要写什么。 |
But the question will always be asked: “What does “enough” mean? What is “enough?” “Not enough” means that you cannot communicate comfortably with anyone, in English or Globish. You may not know enough words or – more likely – you do not say words with the right stresses, or you may not know simple sentence forms and verb forms. So how much is “too much?” “Too much” makes many students learning English feel they will “never be good enough” in English. |
但是总会有人问这个问题:“‘足够’是什么意思?什么是‘足够’?”“不够”的意思是无论用英语还是全球语,你都不能舒适地与任何人交流。可能是因为你没有掌握足够的词汇或者更有可能的是,你说话时的重音不对,或者有可能你不知道简单的句式或动词的形式。那么多少又是“太多”呢?“太多”就是让许多英语学习者们感觉他们的英语“永远都不够好”。 |
The Council of Europe offers a Common European Framework of Reference for Languages (C.E.F.R.) that offers a situational test for users of all second languages. By their standard, the best user of Globish would be an Independent User (Their category called “B1”) THIS IS GIVEN EXACTLY IN C.E.F.R.’s ENGLISH: |
欧洲议会提出的欧洲共同语言参考标准(C.E.F.R.)包含为所有第二语言使用者设计的情境测试。根据他们的标准,全球语说的最好的人是独立使用者(他们的标准称其为“B1”)以下完全是用C.E.F.R.的英语表达的: |
Can understand the main points of clear standard input on familiar matters regularly encountered in work, school, leisure, etc. Can deal with most situations likely to arise whilst travelling in an area where the language is spoken. |
对于通常在工作、学习、休闲等场合遇到的熟悉事物,能够理解以清晰标准语言所表达的要点。能在该语言使用地区旅游时应对大多数可能发生的状况。 |
Can produce simple connected text on topics, which are familiar, or of personal interest. Can describe experiences and events, dreams, hopes & ambitions and briefly give reasons and explanations for opinions and plans. |
针对熟悉的或私人感兴趣的话题,可以表达简单而连贯的内容。能够叙述经验,事件,梦想,希望以及志向,并能简短地对看法和计划陈述理由及做出说明。 |
That is the test for “enough” for their B1 - Independent User. It would be enough for the Globish user too, if we added this: |
这就是为他们的B1——独立使用者准备的“足够”测验。 如果我们加上这些,那么对于全球语使用者来说也足够了: |
“Uses all words needed to join in a given profession or activity; uses International words appropriate in all travel or international business situations.” |
能够使用加入特定职业或活动所需的所有词汇 ;能够在所有旅行及国际商务环境中恰当地使用国际化词语。 |
But many Globish users can operate at the higher Level B2 of that same C.E.F.R. Independent User standard: |
但是许多全球语使用者的能力已经达到了等同于C.E.F.R.独立使用者的B2水平: |
“Can understand the main ideas of complex text on both concrete and abstract topics, including technical discussions in his/her field of specialisation. Can interact with a degree of fluency and spontaneity that makes regular interaction with native speakers quite possible without strain for either party. Can produce clear, detailed text on a wide range of subjects and explain a viewpoint on a topical issue giving the advantages and disadvantages of various options.” |
不论具体或抽象的话题,对于其复杂的内容都能够了解主旨,包括个人专业领域的技术性讨论。能够一定程度流利地并且自然地进行互动,与母语人士经常交流,双方都不会感到紧张。能够针对各种不同的主题表达清晰详细的内容,可针对热点问题解释其观点并说明不同论点的优劣。 |
So there are people who have been thinking about this Globish “level” of language use. There are many, many more who have been using something quite close to Globish. Even with few written standards, some have called it Globish because they feel their level of usage is “Globish.” They are using the word "Globish" to establish a level of comfort - a middle ground to communicate with others. Now we hope they can be even more certain because of the observations in this book. |
因此有人一直在思考全球语的这种语言运用“水平”。还有更多人一直在使用与全球语相近的语言。有的甚至还有书面标准,有人称其为全球语因为他们认为他们的水平达到了“全球语”的标准。他们使用“全球语”名字是想要建立一种舒适感——一个可以与他人进行交流的中间地带。现在我们希望他们能够因为这本书中的言论而更加确信。 |
At the risk of saying some important things once again, we will now unite some observations from the first part of the book. This will lay the groundwork for describing major language elements that are important to Globish. |
再次冒险说一些重要的事情,我们现在将要整合这本书第一部分中的一些言论。这将为描述那些对于全球语很重要的主要语言要素打下基础。 |
First we will review the ways Globish is like English and then how Globish differs from English. Then, we will examine what makes this Closed System of Natural Language an effective tool for world communication. |
首先我们将回顾一下全球语同英语的相似之处,之后是它们之间的不同之处。然后,我们将审视是什么让这个自然语言的封闭系统成为全世界交流的有效工具。 |
English speakers may well say: If Globish is like English, why not just learn English? But there are certain things English speakers do not try to understand. That is one of the main reasons people in many places will be speaking Globish. |
英语母语人士完全可以这么说:如果全球语像英语,那为什么不直接学习英语?但是有些事情是英语母语人士不愿尝试去理解的。这就是为什么很多地方的人们都将说全球语的主要原因之一。 |