全球语 沟通全世界

Chapter 10 Globish in Many Places - 第十章 全球语遍布各地

Globish has no desire to be a cultural language like French, or Chinese…or English. People who will use Globish already have their own respected culture and their own language. They will use Globish only as a tool, but it will be the chosen tool of a huge majority of people around the world. When they see ahead to this future many non-native English speakers will decide this is still English. And it is really a form of English, a clear form of that language. They may fear that English is winning over everything they love. They may see this as a threat to their own mother tongue and their culture. So they might decide that they have to fight for the survival of their French, Japanese, Russian or Tagalog – their home and beloved language. Each of them is a respected cultural language for many people.

全球语不愿成为像法语,汉语,或英语那样的文化语言。将要使用全球语的人们已经拥有了他们所尊敬的文化以及他们自己的语言。他们只会将全球语作为一个工具来使用,但全世界绝大多数人都会选择全球语这个工具。当他们展望未来的时候,许多非英语母语人士会决定这仍然是英语。而且它确实是英语的一种形式,一种清晰地形式。他们可能恐惧英语正在征服他们热爱的一切。他们可能认为这会威胁到他们的母语及他们的文化。所以他们可能下决心不得不为了他们的故乡和热爱的语言——法语,日语,俄语,或菲律宾语的生存而奋斗。它们中的每一个都是受到许多人尊敬的文化语言。

This threat could be true IF we were advising you to learn English. That would be helping English compete with other cultural languages. A few cultures have already taken extreme steps because they fear that the English culture will replace their own. They feel it brings poor values and takes away the strength of their own culture.

如果我们建议您学习英语,那么这种威胁可能成真。这将会帮助英语同其他文化语言相竞争。一些文化已经采取了极端措施因为他们害怕英语文化会取代他们自己的文化。他们觉得英语会带来低劣的价值观并带走他们自身文化的优势。

However, advising you to learn Globish does the opposite. Globish cannot have any cultural goals, so it does not threaten anyone’s language or anyone’s culture. It replaces the English competition. Using only Globish could keep all these wonderful cultures safer from the English cultural invasion.

然而,建议您学习全球语则完全相反。全球语不可能有任何文化目的,所以它不会威胁任何人的语言或文化。它取代了英语竞赛。仅使用全球语可以阻止所有这些灿烂的文化受到英语的文化侵略,从而更安全。

Globish can also protect the English language from being “broken” by other cultures. English is a very special case today. In fact, the non-native English speakers who use English are far more numerous than native English speakers. So the non-native speakers will decide and lead in the future of the English language. They will create and present new words, and will throw away the old words. This will happen unless the Globish idea becomes an accepted tool. If this happens, it will give the English language a chance to survive as a cultural language.

全球语也可以保护英语语言不被其他文化所“破坏”。英语的现状非常特殊。事实上,使用英语的非英语母语人士在数量上要比英语母语人士多得多。因此非英语母语人士将会决定并引导未来英语的发展。他们将会创造并提出新的词汇,而且会将旧的词语丢弃。这种情况将会发生,除非全球语成为公认的工具。如果全球语成功了,那么英语将会得到一个机会,继续以文化语言生存下去。

Globish offers the English-speaking countries a chance to say: We have a wonderful language, linked to a wonderful culture, and we would like to save all of that. However, we accept that international communication today is mostly using our language. But we can divide the language in two parts. One form will be for English culture that is ours, and one form will be for global communication, trade, and traveling (and this is Globish, with exact rules.) We will attempt to use this second form - Globish - whenever we are in those other worlds which are not part of the English culture (s). And we are the lucky ones…Learning Globish for us will be much easier than learning a new language for each place.

全球语为英语国家提供了一个发言的机会:我们拥有一个奇妙的语言,它连接着一个灿烂的文化,而且我们想要拯救所有这些。无论如何,我们相信今天的大部分国际交流使用的是我们的语言。但是我们可以将这种语言分为两个部分。一种形式将是我们的英语文化,而另一种形式将被用于国际间交流,贸易,和旅游(而这就是带有严格规范的全球语。)当我们身处于非英语国家时,我们将尝试使用第二种形式——全球语。而且我们就是幸运儿...对我们来说学习全球语比每去一个国家就学习一种新的语言要简单得多。

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On top of that, someone will be recording you, and your performance will be available in many ways, including on the TV and on the Internet and on DVDs. You need to be understood quickly by the largest possible number. You might think that excellent speakers of two languages are the answer. Interpreters give second-by-second changes to the audience in their languages. But even that method is much better with Globish than with English. The Globish limitations and especially its simpler sentences, shorter and lighter, all ensure better correctness when the speech is changed to another language.

除此之外,有人会给你录音,而且人们可以通过很多途径看到你的表现 ,包括电视,因特网,以及DVD光碟。你需要很快的让尽可能多的人听懂你的话。你或许会认为精通两种语言的人可以解决问题。然而口译者翻译给听众的语言每时每刻都在改变原意。但即使同样是这种方法,用全球语也要比用英语更好。全球语的局限性,特别是它更加容易的句子,简短而且一目了然,在翻译成其他语言时保证了更高的准确性。

Ask any interpreter: Their worst experience is the long, involved sentences where they get lost. This person needs to listen to all of the words to get the meaning, and if the talk is too long, he or she has lost the beginning when the end finally comes. But those kinds of statements-within-statements are mistakes in Globish.

询问任何一个口译者:他们最糟糕的经历就是那些让他们不知所措的冗长复杂的句子。 为了领会意思,口译者需要仔细听所有的词语,然而如果一句话太长,当结尾来临的时候,他或她已经忘了开头的意思。但这种句子包含句子的表达方式在全球语中是错误的。

The other horrible experience of the interpreters is seeing words used differently in a field or subject that they don’t know. In English there is the word “program”, and it means very different things on the TV and on the computer. The interpreter who does not know the field completely will make too many mistakes. On the other hand, if you are talking in Globish, many people in the audience will choose to listen directly to you. The simplest solution is to say things in Globish. You can then use special “technical words” – along with pictures to support them – in a way that people in the industry will quickly understand.

口译者的另一个可怕经历就是在他们不了解的领域或专业中遇到一些有不同用法的词语。英语中有个词“程序”,但它在电视和电脑领域的意思却非常不同。对此领域不是完全了解的口译者会犯太多错误。另一方面,如果你使用全球语进行演讲,听众中的很多人会选择直接听你的讲话。最简单的方案就是通过全球语来表达。然后你可以使用特殊的“专业术语”——连同支撑它们的图片——这种方法可以让业内人士迅速理解。

It is very difficult to use Globish guidelines while you are creating your words right there in front of people. But once you are familiar with the idea, practice makes it easier within a short time. The safest way, however, is to give a speech from a written text, and go over that text with Globish software. It will improve the “hit rate” of the speech (a technical term for the percent of people who listen and do understand). Usually it is at least three times better, and ten times with some listeners who are not native English speakers.

当你在众人面前构思的时候,要遵守全球语的指导方针是非常困难的。但是只要你熟悉了这个概念,通过实践在很短的时间内就可以掌握。然而,最安全的方法就是按照一篇写好的版本进行演讲,用全球语法则将文章重说一遍。这会提高演讲的“命中率”(一个形容听懂人数所占百分比的专业术语)。通常效果至少提高三倍,而对于一些非英语母语听众来说效果能提高十倍。

A good example is the excellent video tape to the Iranian people by President Obama in 2009. It was in Globish-like language and it could be understood by much of the world without translation. They also listened to Obama’s same words in Jerusalem and Ramallah, in Istanbul and in Seoul. In too many other cases, however, major international speeches are made at a level of English that is too difficult for non-native speakers. Of course those international speakers think they did their job. They are wrong. Their job was to be understood by all their listeners.

一个典型的例子就是2009年奥巴马总统致伊朗人民讲话的精彩录像。这段演讲用的是类似全球语的语言,而且世界上的大部分人不用翻译都可以听懂。在耶路撒冷和拉马拉的人们,在伊斯坦布尔和首尔的人们都听了奥巴马相同的讲话。然而,在其他许多情况下,主要的国际演讲中使用的英语水平对于非英语母语人士来说太高了。当然这些国际演说家们认为他们已经尽了他们的职责。那他们就错了。他们的职责是让他们所有的听众都能听懂。

If you are a native English speaker, you could argue that things are very different when you write. You know who you are writing to, and you know that his or her English is very good. Perhaps you write to that person with difficult words to show your ability with the language. But this could be another huge mistake. Very often good ideas are passed on as is to others. You should know that whatever you write today is not written just for the person you send it to. It is always written for the whole wide world. And for this reason, it should be in Globish. If it is forwarded through the Internet it can go around the world 4000 times before you finish your next call. The problem is, if they don’t understand it, they will still try to pick up a few words and tell that to their friends. And then what you didn’t say well they will say even more poorly in 5000 other languages. The good news is that now you can talk to the whole world at the speed of light. But the really bad news is that no one will ever tell you they don’t understand. They would be ashamed to show their limitations, so they will all say back to you: “Oh yes, it was very interesting.”

如果你是英语母语人士,那么你可能会争辩说当你写东西的时候情况会非常不同。因为你知道你要写给谁,而且也知道他或她的英语非常好。或许你写给那个人的信中含有很难的词语是为了显示你的语言能力。但是这有可能是另一个巨大的错误。好的想法往往人们都会互相传递。你应该知道今天无论你写了什么并不只是写给那个人的。同样是为整个世界而写的。正因如此,这封信应该用全球语来写。如果是通过英特网发送的话,在你打完下一通电话之前,这封信可以绕地球转4000圈了。问题是,如果他们不明白,他们仍然会试图挑出一些词语,然后告诉他们的朋友。于是,那些你说得不好的东西甚至会被他们用另外5000种语言更糟糕的重复下去。好消息是你现在能够以光速与全世界交流。但真正的坏消息是没有人会告诉你他们不明白。他们会因为显出自己的不足而感到羞耻,所以他们都会回答你:“哦,是的,非常有趣。”

You could be working for a global company, with shares owned by people from 123 different countries. They speak almost as many languages. Look closely at your yearly report, and at all the papers sent to shareholders. It is probably written in wonderful English which non-native English speakers from the 117 non-English speaking countries can almost understand. Or is it written in Globish, using exactly the same numbers and saying exactly the same things, but understandable by many more of those shareholders?

你可能在一家跨国企业工作,而这家企业的股东来自123个不同的国家。他们几乎都说不同的语言。仔细看看你写的年报以及发给股东的所有文件。或许这些文件是用精彩的英语写成的,而且来自117个非英语国家的非英语母语人士可以差不多看懂。 或者这些文件是用全球语写成的,使用完全一样的数字而且陈述完全一样的事情,但却能够被更多的股东看懂?

If you work in a government agency in an English speaking country, look at the papers and forms for the citizens. Many people –who are new to the country and to your language – will have to fill in those forms. They should reach the Globish level soon, and that may be fairly easy. But then, they should get papers written only in Globish, which are understandable both by these new ones and by all the English-speaking citizens. It would cost much less than printing every paper and form in many different languages. And new people could perform better and more quickly in the economy if they could read the language. Globish can fill this need, but that nation must make this standard, and demonstrate it in all its important papers.

如果你在一个英语国家的政府机关工作,那么看看那些为公民们准备的文件和表格。许多对这个国家及其语言还不熟悉的人们将不得不填写这些表格。这些表格应该很快达到全球语的水平,而那样或许相当容易。 此外,人们应该得到仅用全球语写的文件,这些文件可以让新移民以及所有的英语母语公民都看得懂。这比用许多不同的语言印刷每份文件和表格要便宜很多。而且如果他们可以读懂那种语言,那么新来的移民就能够在经济建设中更快更好的做出贡献。全球语可以满足这种需求,但是那个国家必须制定标准,并且在其所有的重要文件中使用。

There will always be a few of the new people who cannot yet operate in Globish, even to read simple writing. They may still need to see something in their languages. From normal English the usual solution would be many translators, one for each language. Their work might be excellent, but it would take a lot of time and a lot of money.

始终会有一些新人仍然无法理解全球语,甚至无法阅读简单的文件。他们也许还需要读用他们的语言书写的文件。从标准英语的方面来看,常见的解决方法是使用很多译员,每种语言一个。他们的效果可能非常显著,但这也会花费大量时间和金钱。

You could also decide to have computer translations to these languages from English. But you must make sure that it works; here is how to do that. Have the computer translate part of your English version into – say – Poldevian. When you have a result, do not show it immediately to the Poldevians. Instead, order the computer to change the Poldevian document back to English. If you think you can understand it – and accept it – then the process is good. In most cases you will be surprised in a bad way. You will decide that computers cannot change languages very well yet. However, Globish has a much better chance of giving good results in computer translation. It has simpler sentence structures, and uses the most common English words. Many times, the computer translation from Globish to Poldevian will give better results, but not perfect results. This is true of most of Globish, where the goal is to create understanding without 100% perfection.

你也可以决定用电脑将英语翻译成这些语言。但你必须确保这招管用;这么做的方法是:用电脑将英文版本的一部分翻译成,例如Poldevian语(此种语言系作者虚构)。当你得到结果之后,不要立即拿给这个国家的人看。相反,命令电脑将文件翻译回英文。如果你觉得你能够理解并接受,那么这就是个好的方法。但在大多数情况下,结果会让你大吃一惊。那时你会拿定主意,电脑还不能很好的转换语言。然而,用电脑翻译全球语,得到好的结果的可能性更大。全球语的句子结构更简单,而且使用最常见的英语词汇。很多时候用电脑将全球语翻译成Poldevian能够得到更好的结果,但并不是完美的。这对于大部分全球语而言是正确的,因为我们的目标就是创造没有100%完美的理解力。

We must remember, however, that Globish is not a holy language. It is an idea, a guidance. The better you keep to it, the more people will understand you. Perhaps it is like a diet. The closer you stay to it, the more weight you lose. But no diet is going to fail if – just a few times – you have a glass of wine, or a beer. Off-limits words in Globish are not wrong; it is just not wise to bring in difficult words too often. You can use a rare word because no other one will do, and many readers will run to their word books. Or you can use two Globish words that are widely understood by your readers or listeners... and mean the same thing. It is up to you. But the more you stay with the guidance, the better chance you have of everyone understanding you.

然而,我们必须记住的是全球语不是一种神圣的语言。它是一种思想,一种引导。你越是坚持使用它,就会有越多的人理解你。也许这就像节食。你坚持的时间越长,你减掉的体重就越多。但是即使你偶尔喝一杯葡萄酒或啤酒,节食也不会因此而失败。超出全球语范围的词汇并不是错误的;只不过太频繁的引入难以理解的词语是不明智的。你可以使用一个别人不会用的罕见的词,结果许多读者都会去求助于他们的单词书。或者你可以使用你的读者或听众广泛接受的两个全球语词汇,而且表达的意思一样。这由你来决定。然而,你越是遵守全球语的指导方针,就会有越多的机会让每个人都理解你。

It is clear also that people who decide to use Globish will possibly master many more words than the list given here. This is clearly true for advanced English students, of course, but also for the other speakers. In many cases the non-native speakers will hear speech or see written material that uses more difficult words. In most cases, non-native speakers will learn these new words, and have them available in case they need to use them again later. This is a good result. We are not suggesting that people close their eyes and their ears to all new words. And there will often be native English speakers who reject the Globish idea completely. With this kind of people, more words will always help the non-native speakers to understand.

显而易见的是决定使用全球语的人们很有可能掌握比这本书中列出的单词表还要多得多的词汇。当然,不仅对于高水平的英语学生而言尤其如此,而且对于说其他语言的人也是一样。在许多情况下,非英语母语人士会在演讲中听到或在书面材料中读到更加难以理解的词语。大多数情况下,非英语母语人士会学习这些新词,并记住它们以防今后还会再次用到。这就是个不错的结果。我们并不是建议人们对所有的新词视而不见听而不闻。而且经常会有英语母语人士完全抵制全球语思想。与这类人交流时,更大的词汇量总会对非英语母语人士的理解有所帮助。

But these borders of this Globish “middle ground” are not made to keep people in or out. If all speakers know they can come back and be welcomed into Globish, then communication has a chance.

但是全球语“中间地带”的这些边界并不是用来束缚人们的。如果所有的人都知道他们可以重新使用全球语而且是受欢迎的,那么沟通就有机会了。

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